The Wonder of Deep Sea Echinoderms

Natural World Facts
Natural World Facts
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Published 2021-07-06
Echinoderms come in countless shapes and sizes, but there are a few unique features that unite the 6,500 living species. Many adults of this phylum have 5-way radial symmetry; a pattern most prominent in the shape of the starfish. In addition, they have skeletons made up of interlocking calcium carbonate plates and spines called ossicles. This provides rigidity for their complex structures, making up the protective shell of urchins, or the column-like spine of crinoids. These skeletons are also the reason why fossils for echinoderms are so widespread and well-preserved, with some crinoid fossils being as old as 500 million years. Perhaps the most peculiar creatures of this phylum are the holothurians. Sea cucumbers, with their retractable feeding tentacles and tube feet around the mouth which they use to forage in the sea floor mud.

00:00 - An Introduction to Echinoderms
01:27 - The Structure of Echinoderms
02:01 - Ossicles Explained
02:35 - Holothurians Explained (Sea Cucumbers)
02:53 - The Swimming Sea Cucumber
04:21 - The Sea Pig of the Abyss
05:11 - The Role of Holothurians - Filter Feeding
05:28 - The Role of Holothurians - Bioturbation
05:49 - The Role of Holothurians - Symbiosis
05:55 - Symbiosis: Emperor Shrimps & Sea Cucumbers
06:10 - Symbiosis: Pearlfish & Sea Cucumbers
06:29 - Defensive Adaptations of Holothurians
07:10 - Starfish Explained
07:37 - The Crown-of-thorns Starfish
08:13 - The Consequences of Ecosystem Instability
08:24 - The Role of Sea Urchins - Maintaining Balance
08:59 - Brittle Stars Explained
09:30 - Basket Stars Explained
10:14 - Conclusion: The Importance of Echinoderms

DEEP SEA HUB: naturalworldfacts.com/deep-sea-hub/

Footage used is from various YouTube sources, the BBC, Jonathan Bird's Blue World, MBARI, OceanX, NatGeo, the Ocean Exploration Institute and the Schmidt Ocean Institute, as well as other sources.

Music Used:

Relics by Ben Prunty (from the game Subnautica Below Zero)
Seductress by Francis Preve

Dark Walk by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc…
Artist: incompetech.com/

Lone Harvest by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc…
Artist: incompetech.com/

Crystal Caves by Ben Prunty

#deepsea #wildlife #nature #documentary #ocean #marinebiology #science #biology

Resources:
oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/okeanos/explorations/ex1811…
oceanconservancy.org/blog/2019/07/03/everything-ne…
All Comments (21)
  • @C-Rex1
    The baby crabs riding on the sea pigs was adorable.
  • @akash.deblanq
    Sometimes I just lock my screen and listen to your voice while sleeping. You're one of the few reasons why YouTube premium is worth it.
  • @Maxiloup
    These are my favourite documentaries to watch because your voice and the soundtrack is so relaxing
  • @sidcoat
    The most atmospheric channel, most brilliant video compositing, the serene voice-over...
  • @gradient816
    Never stop what you're doing, even if you stray from making these glorious documentaries for the world to see, I hope you continue your journey in marine biology. Seeing these videos always brings me immense joy and excitement for my own time to explore the depths of the ocean, but also worried that I might not be able to due to destructive human activity. Nonetheless, thank you again for making a wonderful video, I look forward to the next!
  • @sleep2100
    i don’t understand how this one YouTuber with ~200k subs can create videos objectively better than National Geographic, BBC, ect ect. Seriously every time i watch one of these videos it’s almost hypnotic with the visuals, music, his voice, the smooth-sleek editing that makes absorbing the information so much more enjoyable. Thank you so much for producing these videos man, i seriously think you could be the next David Attenborough.
  • @aidandibenerdini4545
    I love how your productions have gone from a kid's project to BBC level content
  • @Vinixyon
    Nature never fails to impress me, even this group that I was not that interested in as I am in others is facinating. I love your videos and hope that the best happens to you, this channel and the planet.
  • @AphidKirby
    As a massive fan of sea cucumbers I cannot thank you enough for making such a well made video that sheds spotlight on them! They are FAR too cool and diverse to not be talked about as much, so thank you!!!!
  • @daniell1483
    The effect humans have on ocean biodiversity disturbs me. As an average person, it feels like a problem beyond my ability to control. Knowing that such fundamental forces are under threat is one thing, but knowing there isn't much one can do about it? It feels wrong in a deeper way.
  • @mybecember
    I saw that “hehehe” I rewound the video a couple of times to check if it was in fact doing that… haha
  • @carinaas7053
    I got to confess to you that every once in a while when I'm feeling down or doubtful about my studies, unmotivated most times, I turn toward places that feel hopeful and give me back some light. Your videos are one of those places. Even when, sometimes, they end on a kind of sad note like this one. Because although life on the oceans is deteriorating more and more, there's got to be something I can help with. So, thank you for that, Leo.
  • @WanderTheNomad
    The way the floating crinoid moves through water is really creepy.
  • @rodanmax1087
    I hope the person who put the dislike put it by accident, is imposible to not like your videos.
  • @AnticitizenOne
    I think the “Relics” track title has been changed to “In Search of Familiar Harmonies” on the released OST. Thanks as always for these really cool videos, the Subnautica music just makes it so much better. :)
  • Thanks so much for your commitment to bringing us such amazing content, man. Love from Brazil (:
  • @lilitheden748
    Simply beautiful 💖 Back to the good ol’times when there were still quality documentaries on tv.
  • @igorsousantana
    I'm amazed! Didn't know the swimming sea cucumber and the sea pig. Loved it! Also liked to see the ecological interactions. Thanks for that. Amazing!!!