Varanasi、वाराणसी ワーラーナシー、ベナレス
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Published 2011-01-06
公式ブログ： blogs.yahoo.co.jp/autumn_snake_1995
ワーラーナシー（Varanasi、वाराणसी）はインドの都市。ウッタル・プラデーシュ州に属する。ワーラーナシー県の県都。人口は約116万人（2004年）。ヴァーラーナスィー、バラナシとも表記する。かつては英領植民地時代に制定された英語表記のBenaresの誤読により「ベナレス」とも日本語で称された。これは現地語での別名「バナーラス」（बनारस）に由来する名称である。また古くは「カーシー国」（काशी）とも称された。ヒンドゥー教・仏教の聖地として重要な都市。位置は北緯25度20分東経83度0分。
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"Banaras" redirects here. For other uses, see Banaras (disambiguation).
Varanasi
वाराणसी
Banaras
— city —
Varanasi
वाराणसीLocation of Varanasi
वाराणसी
in Uttar Pradesh and India
Coordinates 25.282°N 82.9563°E / 25.282°N 82.9563°E / 25.282; 82.9563Coordinates: 25.282°N 82.9563°E / 25.282°N 82.9563°E / 25.282; 82.9563
Country India
State Uttar Pradesh
District(s) Varanasi
Mayor Kaushlendra Singh
Population
• Density
1,211,891 (district)[1] (2001[update])
• 1,995 /km2 (5,167 /sq mi)[2]
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Area
• Elevation
1550 km2 (598 sq mi)
• 80.71 metres (264.8 ft)
Codes[show]• Pincode • 221 001 to** (** area code)
• Telephone • +0542
Footnotes[show]Holy City of India
Varanasi (Sanskrit: वाराणसी Vārāṇasī, Hindustani pronunciation: [ʋaːˈraːɳəsi] ( listen)), also commonly known as Benares or Banaras (Hindi: बनारस, Urdu: بنارس, Banāras [bəˈnaːrəs] ( listen)) and Kashi (Hindi: काशी, Urdu: کاشی, Kāśī [ˈkaːʃi] ( listen)), is a city situated on the banks of the River Ganges in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, 320 kilometres (199 mi) southeast of state capital Lucknow. It is regarded as a holy city by Buddhists and Jains, and is the holiest place in the world in Hinduism (and center of the Earth in Hindu cosmology). It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and probably the oldest in India.[3][4]
The Kashi Naresh (Maharaja of Kashi) is the chief cultural patron of Varanasi and an essential part of all religious celebrations.[5] The culture of Varanasi is closely associated with the River Ganges and the river's religious importance. The city has been a cultural and religious centre in North India for several thousand years. The Benares Gharana form of Indian classical music developed in Varanasi, and many prominent Indian philosophers, poets, writers, and musicians resided or reside in Varanasi, including Kabir, Ravidas Their Guru Swami Ramanand, Trailanga Swami, Munshi Premchand, Jaishankar Prasad, Acharya Shukla, Ravi Shankar, Girija Devi, Hariprasad Chaurasia, and Bismillah Khan. Tulsidas wrote Ramacharitamanas here, and Gautama Buddha gave his first sermon at Sarnath located near Varanasi (Kashi).